In this lesson of our Pashto mini-course, we focus on one of the most important and beginner-friendly grammar rules in Pashto: using “Da … de” to say “This is …”. Mastering this structure is a key milestone in How to speak Pashto , because it allows you to describe objects, places, and people from day one. In English, we say, “This is a house.” In Urdu, the equivalent is “Yeh ghar hai.” In Pashto, the same idea is expressed as “Da kor de.” Here, “Da” means this, “kor” means house, and “de” (pronounced like day but with a soft 'D' as in fa th er) works like is. This sentence structure is extremely common in everyday Pashto conversations and forms the foundation of Pashto language basics. Pashto also has masculine and feminine nouns , just like Urdu. For masculine nouns, we commonly use “de”, while feminine nouns often use “da” depending on context and dialect. At the beginner level, focusing on commonly used masculine examples helps learners build confidence ...
Public speaking anxiety is one of the most common social fears in the world. For many people, the idea of standing in front of an audience triggers racing thoughts, a shaky voice, sweating, or even panic. This fear isn’t a sign of weakness; it’s your brain’s threat system misfiring in situations that aren’t actually dangerous. The good news? Fear of public speaking is highly treatable with the right approach. One of the most effective methods is public speaking exposure therapy exercises. This approach works by slowly and safely exposing you to speaking situations instead of avoiding them. Avoidance may feel like relief in the short term, but it teaches the brain that speaking is something to fear. Exposure does the opposite: it retrains your nervous system to stay calm under pressure. How to Desensitize Public Speaking Fear Step by Step Exposure therapy follows the principle of gradual exposure for social anxiety. You don’t jump straight into delivering a speech to a large ...